Footnotes

1. John 8:1 sn The Mount of Olives is a hill running north to south about 1.8 mi (3 km) long, lying east of Jerusalem across the Kidron Valley. It was named for the large number of olive trees that grew on it.
2. John 8:2 tn An ingressive sense for the imperfect fits well here following the aorist participle.
3. John 8:3 tn Or “The scribes.” The traditional rendering of γραμματεύς (grammateus) as “scribe” does not communicate much to the modern English reader, for whom the term might mean “professional copyist,” if it means anything at all. The people referred to here were recognized experts in the law of Moses and in traditional laws and regulations. Thus “expert in the law” comes closer to the meaning for the modern reader.
4. John 8:3 sn See the note on Pharisees in 1:24.
5. John 8:4 tn Grk “to him”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
6. John 8:5 sn An allusion to Lev 20:10 and Deut 22:22-24.
7. John 8:5 sn The accusers themselves subtly misrepresented the law. The Mosaic law stated that in the case of adultery, both the man and woman must be put to death (Lev 20:10, Deut 22:22), but they mentioned only such women.
8. John 8:6 tn Grk “so that they could accuse.”
9. John 8:6 sn This is a parenthetical note by the author of 7:53-8:11.
10. John 8:6 tn Or possibly “Jesus bent down and wrote an accusation on the ground with his finger.” The Greek verb καταγράφω (katagraphō) may indicate only the action of writing on the ground by Jesus, but in the overall context (Jesus’ response to the accusation against the woman) it can also be interpreted as implying that what Jesus wrote was a counteraccusation against the accusers (although there is no clue as to the actual content of what he wrote, some scribes added “the sins of each one of them” either here or at the end of v. 8 [U 264 700 al]).
11. John 8:7 tn Or “he straightened up.”
12. John 8:7 tn Grk “and said to them.”
13. John 8:7 tn Or “sinless.”
14. John 8:8 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “Then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the narrative. Greek style often begins sentences or clauses with “and,” but English style generally does not.
15. John 8:9 tn Or “beginning from the eldest.”
16. John 8:10 tn Or “straightened up.”
17. John 8:10 sn Woman was a polite form of address (see BDAG 208-9 s.v. γυνή 1), similar to “Madam” or “Ma’am” used in English in different regions.
18. John 8:11 tc The earliest and best mss do not contain 7:53-8:11 (see note on 7:53).