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Gl’Israeliti sconfitti dai Filistei; morte di Saul e di Gionatan

31 (A)I Filistei diedero battaglia a Israele, e gli Israeliti fuggirono davanti ai Filistei e caddero morti in gran numero sul monte Ghilboa. I Filistei inseguirono accanitamente Saul e i suoi figli e uccisero Gionatan, Abinadab e Malchisua, figli di Saul. Il peso della battaglia gravò contro Saul; gli arcieri lo raggiunsero ed egli si trovò in grande difficoltà a motivo degli arcieri. Saul disse al suo scudiero: «Sfodera la spada e trafiggimi, affinché questi incirconcisi non vengano a trafiggermi e a farmi oltraggio». Ma lo scudiero non volle farlo, perché aveva paura. Allora Saul prese la propria spada e vi si gettò sopra. Lo scudiero di Saul, vedendolo morto, si gettò anch’egli sulla propria spada e morì con lui. Così, in quel giorno, morirono insieme Saul, i suoi tre figli, il suo scudiero e tutta la sua gente. Quando gli Israeliti che stavano dall’altra parte della valle e di là dal Giordano videro che la gente d’Israele si era data alla fuga e che Saul e i suoi figli erano morti, abbandonarono le città e fuggirono; e i Filistei andarono ad abitarle.

(B)L’indomani i Filistei vennero a spogliare i morti e trovarono Saul e i suoi tre figli caduti sul monte Ghilboa. Tagliarono la testa a Saul, lo spogliarono delle sue armi e mandarono intorno, per il paese dei Filistei, ad annunciare la buona notizia nei templi dei loro idoli e al popolo; 10 collocarono le armi di lui nel tempio di Astarte e appesero il suo cadavere alle mura di Bet-San.

11 Ma quando gli abitanti di Iabes di Galaad udirono quello che i Filistei avevano fatto a Saul, 12 tutti gli uomini valorosi si alzarono, camminarono tutta la notte, tolsero dalle mura di Bet-San il cadavere di Saul e i cadaveri dei suoi figli, tornarono a Iabes e là li bruciarono. 13 Poi presero le loro ossa, le seppellirono sotto la tamerice di Iabes e digiunarono per sette giorni.

Chapter 31[a]

The Death of Saul. Now the Philistines fought against Israel, and the Israelites fled before the Philistines, and many were killed at Mount Gilboa. The Philistines pressed hard upon Saul and his sons. His sons, Jonathan, Abinadab, and Malchishua were killed by the Philistines.

There was fierce fighting around Saul, and when the archers found their mark, they seriously wounded him. Saul said to his armor-bearer, “Draw your sword and thrust it through me, lest these uncircumcised come and thrust me through and abuse me.” But the armor-bearer would not do this for he was terrified. Saul, therefore, took his sword and fell upon it. When his armor-bearer saw that Saul was dead, he, too, fell upon his sword and died with him.

So Saul and his three sons and his armor-bearer and all of his men died together on the same day. When the Israelites on the other side of the valley and those on the other side of the Jordan saw that the Israelites had fled and that Saul and his sons were dead, they abandoned the cities, and the Philistines came and occupied them.

The next day the Philistines came out to strip the dead, and they found Saul and his three sons fallen on Mount Gilboa. They cut off his head and stripped off his armor. They sent messengers throughout the land of the Philistines to proclaim the news in the temples of their idols and among the people. 10 They put his armor in the temple of Astartes, and they fastened his body to the wall in Beth-shan.

11 Saul Is Buried.[b] When those living in Jabesh-gilead heard what the Philistines had done to Saul, 12 all of their brave men traveled during the night and took down the bodies of Saul and his sons from the wall of Beth-shan. They went to Jabesh where they cremated them. 13 They took their bones and they buried them under a tree in Jabesh, and they fasted for seven days.[c]

Footnotes

  1. 1 Samuel 31:1 2 Sam 1:5-10 gives a slightly different version.
  2. 1 Samuel 31:11 Saul had rescued Jabesh (1 Sam 11:1-11). Cremation was forbidden, but is justified here because the decomposition of the corpses was far advanced. This is the only instance of cremation in the Bible.
  3. 1 Samuel 31:13 The death of Saul exposed a bitter truth to the people, who believed that a king would bring them power and prestige. They now knew that having a bad king was far worse than having no king.