Exodus 4:6
New English Translation
6 The Lord also said to him, “Put your hand into your robe.”[a] So he put his hand into his robe, and when he brought it out—there was his hand,[b] leprous like snow![c]
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- Exodus 4:6 tn The word חֵיק (kheq), often rendered “bosom,” refers to the front of the chest and a fold in the garment there where an item could be placed for carrying (see Prov 6:27; 16:33; 21:14). So “into your robe” should be understood loosely here and in v. 7 as referring to the inside of the top front of Moses’ garment. The inside chest pocket of a jacket is a rough modern equivalent.
- Exodus 4:6 tn The particle הִנֵּה (hinneh) points out the startling or amazing sight as if the reader were catching the first glimpse of it with Moses.
- Exodus 4:6 sn This sudden skin disease indicated that God was able to bring such diseases on Egypt in the plagues and that only he could remove them. The whitening was the first stage of death for the diseased (Num 12:10; 2 Kgs 5:27). The Hebrew words traditionally rendered “leprous” or “leprosy,” as they are used in Lev 13 and 14, encompass a variety of conditions, not limited to the disease called leprosy and identified as Hansen’s disease in modern times.
Leviticus 13:3
New English Translation
3 The priest must then examine the infection[a] on the skin of the body, and if the hair[b] in the infection has turned white and the infection appears to be deeper than the skin of the body,[c] then it is a diseased infection,[d] so when the priest examines it[e] he must pronounce the person unclean.[f]
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- Leviticus 13:3 tn Heb “and the priest shall see the infection.”
- Leviticus 13:3 tn There is no “if” expressed, but the contrast between the priestly finding in this verse and the next verse clearly implies it.
- Leviticus 13:3 tn Heb “and the appearance of the infection is deep ‘from’ (comparative מִן, min, “deeper than”) the skin of the his flesh.” See the note on v. 20 below.
- Leviticus 13:3 tn For the translation “diseased infection” see the note on v. 2 above. Cf. TEV “a dreaded skin disease”; NIV “an infectious skin disease”; NLT “a contagious skin disease.”
- Leviticus 13:3 tn The pronoun “it” here refers to the “infection,” not the person who has the infection (cf. the object of “examine” at the beginning of the verse).
- Leviticus 13:3 tn Heb “he shall make him unclean.” The verb is the Piel of טָמֵא (tameʾ) “to be unclean.” Here it is a so-called “declarative” Piel (i.e., “to declare unclean”), but it also implies that the person is put into the category of actually being “unclean” by the pronouncement itself (J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 175; cf. the corresponding opposite in v. 6 below).
Leviticus 13:12
New English Translation
12 If, however, the disease breaks out[a] on the skin so that the disease covers all the skin of the person with the infection[b] from his head to his feet, as far as the priest can see,[c]
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- Leviticus 13:12 tn Heb “And if spreading [infinitive absolute] it spreads out [finite verb].” For the infinitive absolute used to highlight contrast rather than emphasis see GKC 343 §113.p.
- Leviticus 13:12 tn Heb “all the skin of the infection,” but see v. 4 above.
- Leviticus 13:12 tn Heb “to all the appearance of the eyes of the priest.”
Leviticus 13:13
New English Translation
13 the priest must then examine it,[a] and if[b] the disease covers his whole body, he is to pronounce the person with the infection clean.[c] He has turned all white, so he is clean.[d]
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- Leviticus 13:13 tn Heb “and the priest shall see.” The pronoun “it” is unexpressed, but it should be assumed and it refers to the infection (cf. the note on v. 8 above).
- Leviticus 13:13 tn Heb “and behold” (so KJV, ASV, NASB).
- Leviticus 13:13 tn Heb “he shall pronounce the infection clean,” but see v. 4 above. Also, this is another use of the declarative Piel of the verb טָהֵר (taher; cf. the note on v. 6 above).
- Leviticus 13:13 tn Heb “all of him has turned white, and he is clean.”
Leviticus 13:25
New English Translation
25 the priest must examine it,[a] and if[b] the hair has turned white in the bright spot and it appears to be deeper than the skin,[c] it is a disease that has broken out in the burn.[d] The priest is to pronounce the person unclean.[e] It is a diseased infection.[f]
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- Leviticus 13:25 tn Heb “and the priest shall see it.”
- Leviticus 13:25 tn Heb “and behold” (so KJV, ASV).
- Leviticus 13:25 tn Heb “and its appearance is deep ‘from’ [comparative מִן (min) meaning ‘deeper than’] the skin.”
- Leviticus 13:25 tn Heb “it is a disease. In the burn it has broken out.”
- Leviticus 13:25 tn This is the declarative Piel of the verb טָמֵא (tameʾ; cf. the note on v. 3 above).
- Leviticus 13:25 tn For the rendering “diseased infection” see the note on v. 2 above.
Luke 4:27
New English Translation
27 And there were many lepers[a] in Israel in the time of the prophet Elisha,[b] yet[c] none of them was cleansed except Naaman the Syrian.”[d]
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- Luke 4:27 sn The ancient term for leprosy covers a wider array of conditions than what is called leprosy today (Hansen’s disease). In the OT the Hebrew term generally referred to a number of exfoliative (scaly) skin diseases (when applied to humans). A person with one of these diseases was totally ostracized from society until he was declared cured (Lev 13:45-46). In the NT the Greek term also refers to a number of skin diseases, but there is some evidence that true leprosy (Hansen’s disease) could be referred to, since that disease began to be described by Greek physicians in Alexandria, Egypt around 300 B.C. and thus might have been present in Judea and Galilee just before the time of Jesus.
- Luke 4:27 sn On Elisha see 2 Kgs 5:1-14.
- Luke 4:27 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “yet” to indicate the contrast.
- Luke 4:27 sn The reference to Naaman the Syrian (see 2 Kgs 5:1-24) is another example where an outsider and Gentile was blessed. The stress in the example is the missed opportunity of the people to experience God’s work, but it will still go on without them.
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