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Haggai 1:1
New English Translation
Haggai 1:1
New English Translation
Introduction
1 On the first day of the sixth month[a] of King Darius’[b] second year, the Lord’s message came through[c] the prophet Haggai to Zerubbabel son of Shealtiel, governor of Judah, and to the high priest Joshua son of Jehozadak:[d]
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- Haggai 1:1 sn The first day of the sixth month was Elul 1 according to the Jewish calendar; August 29, 520 b.c. according to the modern (Julian) calendar.
- Haggai 1:1 sn King Darius is the Persian king Darius Hystaspes who ruled from 522-486 b.c.
- Haggai 1:1 tn Heb “by the hand of.” This suggests that the prophet is only an instrument of the Lord; the Lord is to be viewed as the true author (see 1:3; 2:1; Mal 1:1).
- Haggai 1:1 tn The typical translation “Joshua (the) son of Jehozadak, the high priest” (cf. ASV, NASB, NIV, NRSV) can be understood to mean that Jehozadak was high priest. However, Zech 3:1, 8 clearly indicate that Joshua was high priest (see also Ezra 5:1-2; cf. NAB). The same potential misunderstanding occurs in Hag 1:12, 14 and 2:2, where the same solution has been employed in the translation.
Haggai 2:1
New English Translation
Haggai 2:1
New English Translation
The Glory to Come
2 On the twenty-first day of the seventh month,[a] the Lord’s message came through[b] the prophet Haggai again:
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- Haggai 2:1 tn Heb “In the seventh [month], on the twenty-first day of the month.”sn The seventh month was the month Tishri, according to the modern (Julian) calendar October 17, 520 b.c. The twenty-first day of Tishri marked the seventh day of the Feast of Tabernacles (Num 29:32-34). It also coincided with the date 440 years earlier (960 b.c.) when Solomon finished building his temple (1 Kgs 6:38; 8:2).
- Haggai 2:1 tc The MT has בְּיַד (beyad, “by the hand of” = “through” [so NAB, NIV, NLT] as in 1:1, 3); the Murabba’at Dead Sea text reads אֶל (ʾel, “to”), perhaps because the following command is given to the prophet.
Haggai 2:20
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Haggai 2:20
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Zerubbabel the Chosen One
20 Then the Lord spoke to Haggai[a] a second time on the twenty-fourth day of the month:[b]
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- Haggai 2:20 sn This Hebrew expression is like the one in 2:10 and is slightly different from the one in 1:1, 3; 2:1.
- Haggai 2:20 sn Again, the twenty-fourth day of the month was Kislev 24 or December 18, 520 b.c. See v. 10.
Zechariah 1:1
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Zechariah 1:1
New English Translation
Introduction
1 In the eighth month of Darius’[a] second year,[b] the Lord’s message came to the prophet Zechariah,[c] son of Berechiah son of Iddo:
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- Zechariah 1:1 sn Darius is Darius Hystaspes, king of Persia from 522-486 b.c.
- Zechariah 1:1 sn The eighth month of Darius’ second year was late October—late November, 520 b.c., by the modern (Julian) calendar. This is two months later than the date of Haggai’s first message to the same community (cf. Hag 1:1).
- Zechariah 1:1 sn Both Ezra (5:1; 6:14) and Nehemiah (12:16) speak of Zechariah as a son of Iddo only. A probable explanation is that Zechariah’s actual father Berechiah had died and the prophet was raised by his grandfather Iddo. The “Zechariah son of Barachiah” of whom Jesus spoke (Matt 23:35; Luke 11:51) was probably the martyred prophet by that name who may have been a grandson of the priest Jehoiada (2 Chr 24:20-22).
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