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For every high priest is taken from among the people[a] and appointed[b] to represent them before God,[c] to offer both gifts and sacrifices for sins. He is able to deal compassionately with those who are ignorant and erring, since he also is subject to weakness, and for this reason he is obligated to make sin offerings for himself as well as for the people. And no one assumes this honor[d] on his own initiative,[e] but only when called to it by God,[f] as in fact Aaron was. So also Christ did not glorify himself in becoming high priest, but the one who glorified him was God,[g] who said to him, “You are my Son! Today I have fathered you,”[h] as also in another place God[i] says, “You are a priest forever in the order of Melchizedek.”[j] During his earthly life[k] Christ[l] offered[m] both requests and supplications, with loud cries and tears, to the one who was able to save him from death and he was heard because of his devotion. Although he was a son, he learned obedience through the things he suffered.[n] And by being perfected in this way, he became the source of eternal salvation to all who obey him, 10 and he was designated[o] by God as high priest in the order of Melchizedek.[p]

The Need to Move on to Maturity

11 On this topic we have much to say[q] and it is difficult to explain, since you have become sluggish[r] in hearing. 12 For though you should in fact be teachers by this time,[s] you need someone to teach you the beginning elements of God’s utterances.[t] You have gone back to needing[u] milk, not[v] solid food. 13 For everyone who lives on milk is inexperienced in the message of righteousness, because he is an infant. 14 But solid food is for the mature, whose perceptions are trained by practice to discern both good and evil.

Footnotes

  1. Hebrews 5:1 tn Grk “from among men,” but since the point in context is shared humanity (rather than shared maleness), the plural Greek term ἀνθρώπων (anthrōpōn) has been translated “people.”
  2. Hebrews 5:1 tn Grk “who is taken from among people is appointed.”
  3. Hebrews 5:1 tn Grk “appointed on behalf of people in reference to things relating to God.”
  4. Hebrews 5:4 sn Honor refers here to the honor of the high priesthood.
  5. Hebrews 5:4 tn Grk “by himself, on his own.”
  6. Hebrews 5:4 tn Grk “being called by God.”
  7. Hebrews 5:5 tn Grk “the one”; the referent (God) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  8. Hebrews 5:5 tn Grk “I have begotten you”; see Heb 1:5.sn A quotation from Ps 2:7.
  9. Hebrews 5:6 tn Grk “he”; the referent (God) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  10. Hebrews 5:6 sn A quotation from Ps 110:4.
  11. Hebrews 5:7 tn Grk “in the days of his flesh.”
  12. Hebrews 5:7 tn Grk “he”; the referent (Christ) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  13. Hebrews 5:7 tn Grk “who…having offered,” continuing the description of Christ from Heb 5:5-6.
  14. Hebrews 5:8 sn There is a wordplay in the Greek text between the verbs “learned” (ἔμαθεν, emathen) and “suffered” (ἔπαθεν, epathen).
  15. Hebrews 5:10 tn Grk “having been designated,” continuing the thought of Heb 5:9.
  16. Hebrews 5:10 sn The phrase in the order of Melchizedek picks up the quotation from Ps 110:4 in Heb 5:6.
  17. Hebrews 5:11 tn Grk “concerning which the message for us is great.”
  18. Hebrews 5:11 tn Or “dull.”
  19. Hebrews 5:12 tn Grk “because of the time.”
  20. Hebrews 5:12 tn Grk “the elements of the beginning of the oracles of God.”
  21. Hebrews 5:12 tn Grk “you have come to have a need for.”
  22. Hebrews 5:12 tc ‡ Most texts, including some early and significant ones (א2 A B* D Ψ 0122 0278 1881 M sy Cl), have καί (kai, “and”) immediately preceding οὐ (ou, “not”), but other equally significant witnesses (P46 א* B2 C 33 81 1739 lat Or Did) lack the conjunction. As it was a natural tendency for scribes to add a coordinating conjunction, the καί appears to be a motivated reading. On balance, it is probably best to regard the shorter reading as authentic. NA28 has καί in brackets, indicating doubts as to its authenticity.

从人间选出来的大祭司,都是受委任代表人办理与上帝有关的事,为人的罪向上帝献上礼物和赎罪祭。 他能体谅那些无知和迷失的人,因为他自己也有人性的软弱。 所以,他不但要为众人的罪献祭,也要为自己的罪献祭。 没有人能自取这大祭司的尊荣,只有像亚伦一样蒙上帝呼召的人才可以做大祭司。

同样,基督也没有自取荣耀做大祭司,是上帝对祂说:

“你是我的儿子,
我今日成为你父亲。”

在圣经的另一处,上帝又说:

“你照麦基洗德的模式永远做祭司。”

基督在世为人的时候,曾经声泪俱下地祈求能救祂脱离死亡的上帝。祂因为敬虔而蒙了应允。 基督虽然是上帝的儿子,仍然从所受的苦难中学习了顺服。 祂既然达到了纯全的地步,就成了永恒救恩的源头,使所有顺服祂的人都得到拯救。 10 上帝照着麦基洗德的模式立祂做大祭司。

信徒要长进

11 关于这方面的事,我们还有很多话要说,但因为你们已经听不进去,很难向你们解释。 12 按你们学习的时间来算,你们本该做别人的老师了,可惜你们还需要别人向你们传授上帝话语的基本道理,成了不能吃干粮、只能吃奶的人。 13 因为只能吃奶的人还是婴孩,不熟习仁义的道理。 14 干粮是给成年人吃的,他们的心思历经锻炼,能够分辨善恶。