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What the cutter left,
    the swarming locust has devoured;
What the swarming locust left,
    the hopper has devoured;
What the hopper left,
    the consuming locust[a] has devoured.

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Footnotes

  1. 1:4 Cutter…swarming locust…hopper…consuming locust: these names may refer to various species of locusts, or to some phases in the insect’s life cycle, or to successive waves of locusts ravaging the countryside.

What the locust(A) swarm has left
    the great locusts have eaten;
what the great locusts have left
    the young locusts have eaten;
what the young locusts have left(B)
    other locusts[a] have eaten.(C)

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Footnotes

  1. Joel 1:4 The precise meaning of the four Hebrew words used here for locusts is uncertain.

What the cutting locusts have not eaten,
    the swarming locusts have eaten.
And what the swarming locusts have left,
    the hopping locusts have eaten.
And what the hopping locusts have left,
    the destroying locusts[a] have eaten.

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Footnotes

  1. 1:4 cutting . . . locusts These are different names for an insect like a large grasshopper. The locust can quickly destroy trees, plants and crops. In this destruction by locusts, Joel sees a warning. God will cause this type of destruction when he punishes his people.