Matthew 10:17

New English Translation

¹⁷Beware^[a] of people, because they will hand you over to councils^[b] and flog^[c] you in their synagogues.^[d]

Matthew 10:17 tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.
Matthew 10:17 sn Councils in this context has a non-technical sense referring to local judicial bodies (courts) attached to the Jewish synagogue (cf. BDAG 967 s.v. συνέδριον 1.a). These courts would be responsible for meting out justice and discipline within the Jewish community.
Matthew 10:17 tn Or “and have you flogged” (a causative sense). BDAG 620 s.v. μαστιγόω 1.a states, “of flogging as a punishment decreed by the synagogue (Dt 25:2f; s. the Mishna Tractate Sanhedrin-Makkoth, edited w. notes by SKrauss ’33) w. acc. of pers. Mt 10:17; 23:34.”
Matthew 10:17 sn See the note on synagogues in 4:23.

Matthew 10:18

New English Translation

¹⁸And you will be brought before governors and kings^[a] because of me, as a witness to them and to the Gentiles.

Matthew 10:18 sn These statements look at persecution both from a Jewish context as the mention of councils and synagogues suggests, and from a Gentile one as the reference to governors and kings suggests. Some fulfillment of Jewish persecution can be seen in Acts 4:3; 5:17-18, 40-41; 6:12; 7:1-60; 8:1-3, and of Gentile persecution in Acts 25:2-12, 24-27.

New English Translation (NET)