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Matthew 17:1-8
New English Translation

The Transfiguration

17 Six days later[a] Jesus took with him Peter, James, and John the brother of James,[b] and led them privately up a high mountain. 2 And he was transfigured before them.[c] His[d] face shone like the sun, and his clothes became white as light. 3 Then Moses[e] and Elijah[f] also appeared before them, talking with him. 4 So[g] Peter said[h] to Jesus, “Lord, it is good for us to be here. If you want, I will make[i] three shelters[j]—one for you, one for Moses, and one for Elijah.” 5 While he was still speaking, a[k] bright cloud[l] overshadowed[m] them, and a voice from the cloud said,[n] “This is my one dear Son,[o] in whom I take great delight. Listen to him!”[p] 6 When the disciples heard this, they were overwhelmed with fear and threw themselves down with their faces to the ground.[q] 7 But Jesus came and touched them. “Get up,” he said. “Do not be afraid.” 8 When[r] they looked up, all they saw was Jesus alone.

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Footnotes

  1. Matthew 17:1 tn Grk “And after six days.”
  2. Matthew 17:1 tn Grk “John his brother” with “his” referring to James.
  3. Matthew 17:2 sn In 1st century Judaism and in the NT, it was believed that the righteous would be given new, glorified bodies in order to enter heaven (cf. 1 Cor 15:42-49; 2 Cor 5:1-10). This transformation meant that the righteous will share the glory of God. The account of Jesus’ transfiguration here recalls the way Moses shared the Lord’s glory after his visit to the mountain in Exod 34:28-35. So the disciples saw Jesus transfigured, and they were getting a private preview of the great glory that Jesus would have following his exaltation.
  4. Matthew 17:2 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated.
  5. Matthew 17:3 tn Grk “And behold, Moses.” The Greek word ἰδού (idou) has not been translated because it has no exact English equivalent here, but adds interest and emphasis (BDAG 468 s.v. 1).
  6. Matthew 17:3 sn Commentators and scholars discuss why Moses and Elijah are present. The most likely explanation is that Moses represents the prophetic office (Acts 3:18-22) and Elijah pictures the presence of the last days (Mal 4:5-6), the prophet of the eschaton (the end times).
  7. Matthew 17:4 tn Here δέ (de) has been translated as “so” to indicate that the appearance of Moses and Elijah prompted Peter’s comment.
  8. Matthew 17:4 tn Grk “Peter answering said.” This construction is somewhat redundant and has been simplified in the translation.
  9. Matthew 17:4 tc Instead of the singular future indicative ποιήσω (poiēsō, “I will make”), most witnesses (C3 D L W Γ Δ Θ [Φ] 0281 ƒ[1],13 33 1241 1424 M lat sy co) have the plural aorist subjunctive ποιήσωμεν (poiēsōmen, “let us make”). But since ποιήσωμεν is the reading found in the parallel accounts in Mark and Luke, it is likely a motivated reading. Further, the earliest and best witnesses, as well as a few others (א B C* 700* as well as some versional and patristic witnesses) have ποιήσω. It is thus more likely that the singular verb is authentic.
  10. Matthew 17:4 tn Or “booths,” “dwellings” (referring to the temporary booths constructed in the celebration of the feast of Tabernacles).sn Peter apparently wanted to celebrate the feast of Tabernacles or Booths that looked forward to the end and wanted to treat Moses, Elijah, and Jesus as equals by making three shelters (one for each). It was actually a way of expressing honor to Jesus, but the next verse makes it clear that it was not enough honor.
  11. Matthew 17:5 tn Grk “behold, a.” The Greek word ἰδού (idou) has not been translated here or in the following clause because it has no exact English equivalent here, but adds interest and emphasis (BDAG 468 s.v. 1).
  12. Matthew 17:5 sn This cloud is the cloud of God’s presence and the voice is his as well.
  13. Matthew 17:5 tn Or “surrounded.”
  14. Matthew 17:5 tn Grk “behold, a voice from the cloud, saying.” This is an incomplete sentence in Greek which portrays intensity and emotion. The participle λέγουσα (legousa) was translated as a finite verb in keeping with English style.
  15. Matthew 17:5 tn Grk “my beloved Son,” or “my Son, the beloved [one].” The force of ἀγαπητός (agapētos) is often “pertaining to one who is the only one of his or her class, but at the same time is particularly loved and cherished” (L&N 58.53; cf. also BDAG 7 s.v. 1).
  16. Matthew 17:5 sn The expression listen to him comes from Deut 18:15 and makes two points: 1) Jesus is a prophet like Moses, a leader-prophet, and 2) they have much yet to learn from him.
  17. Matthew 17:6 tn Grk “they fell down on their faces.” BDAG 815 s.v. πίπτω 1.b.α.ב. has “fall down, throw oneself to the ground as a sign of devotion, before high-ranking persons or divine beings.”
  18. Matthew 17:8 tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.
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Matthew 16
Matthew 18
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2 Corinthians 3:7-18
New English Translation

The Greater Glory of the Spirit’s Ministry

7 But if the ministry that produced death—carved in letters on stone tablets[a]—came with glory, so that the Israelites[b] could not keep their eyes fixed on the face of Moses because of the glory of his face[c] (a glory[d] which was made ineffective),[e] 8 how much more glorious will the ministry of the Spirit be?[f] 9 For if there was glory in the ministry that produced condemnation,[g] how much more does the ministry that produces righteousness[h] excel[i] in glory! 10 For indeed, what had been glorious now[j] has no glory because of the tremendously greater glory of what replaced it.[k] 11 For if what was made ineffective[l] came with[m] glory, how much more has what remains[n] come in glory! 12 Therefore, since we have such a hope, we behave with great boldness,[o] 13 and not like Moses who used to put a veil over his face to keep the Israelites[p] from staring[q] at the result[r] of the glory that was made ineffective.[s] 14 But their minds were closed.[t] For to this very day, the same veil remains when they hear the old covenant read.[u] It has not been removed because only in Christ is it taken away.[v] 15 But until this very day whenever Moses is read, a veil lies over their minds,[w] 16 but when one[x] turns to the Lord, the veil is removed.[y] 17 Now the Lord is the Spirit, and where the Spirit of the Lord is present,[z] there is freedom. 18 And we all, with unveiled faces reflecting the glory of the Lord,[aa] are being transformed into the same image from one degree of glory to another,[ab] which is from[ac] the Lord, who is the Spirit.[ad]

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Footnotes

  1. 2 Corinthians 3:7 tn Grk “on stones,” but since this is clearly an allusion to the tablets of the Decalogue (see 2 Cor 3:3) the word “tablets” was supplied in the translation to make the connection clear.
  2. 2 Corinthians 3:7 tn Grk “so that the sons of Israel.”
  3. 2 Corinthians 3:7 sn The glory of his face. When Moses came down from Mt. Sinai with the tablets of the Decalogue, the people were afraid to approach him because his face was so radiant (Exod 34:29-30).
  4. 2 Corinthians 3:7 tn The words “a glory” are not in the Greek text, but the reference to “glory” has been repeated from the previous clause for clarity.
  5. 2 Corinthians 3:7 tn Or “which was transitory.” Traditionally this phrase is translated as “which was fading away.” The verb καταργέω in the corpus Paulinum uniformly has the meaning “to render inoperative, ineffective”; the same nuance is appropriate here. The glory of Moses’ face was rendered ineffective by the veil Moses wore. For discussion of the meaning of this verb in this context, see S. J. Hafemann, Paul, Moses, and the History of Israel (WUNT 81), 301-13. A similar translation has been adopted in the two other occurrences of the verb in this paragraph in vv. 11 and 13.
  6. 2 Corinthians 3:8 tn Grk “how will not rather the ministry of the Spirit be with glory?”
  7. 2 Corinthians 3:9 tn Grk “the ministry of condemnation”; translated as an objective genitive, “the ministry that produced condemnation.”
  8. 2 Corinthians 3:9 tn Grk “the ministry of righteousness”; translated as an objective genitive, “the ministry that produces righteousness.”
  9. 2 Corinthians 3:9 tn Traditionally, “abound.”
  10. 2 Corinthians 3:10 tn Grk “in this case.”
  11. 2 Corinthians 3:10 tn The words “of what replaced it” are not in the Greek text, but have been supplied to clarify the meaning.
  12. 2 Corinthians 3:11 tn Or “what was fading away.” See note on “which was made ineffective” in v. 7.
  13. 2 Corinthians 3:11 tn Or “through” (διά, dia).
  14. 2 Corinthians 3:11 tn Or “what is permanent.”
  15. 2 Corinthians 3:12 tn Or “we employ great openness of speech.”
  16. 2 Corinthians 3:13 tn Grk “the sons of Israel.”
  17. 2 Corinthians 3:13 tn Or “from gazing intently.”
  18. 2 Corinthians 3:13 tn Or “end.” The word τέλος (telos) can mean both “a point of time marking the end of a duration, end, termination, cessation” and “the goal toward which a movement is being directed, end, goal, outcome” (see BDAG 998-999 s.v.). The translation accepts the interpretation that Moses covered the glory of his face with the veil to prevent Israel from being judged by the glory of God (see S. J. Hafemann, Paul, Moses, and the History of Israel [WUNT 81], 347-62); in this case the latter meaning for τέλος is more appropriate.
  19. 2 Corinthians 3:13 tn Or “was fading away”; Grk “on the result of what was made ineffective.” The referent (glory) has been specified in the translation for clarity. See note on “which was made ineffective” in v. 7.
  20. 2 Corinthians 3:14 tn Grk “their minds were hardened.”
  21. 2 Corinthians 3:14 tn Grk “the same veil remains at the reading of the old covenant”; the phrase “they hear” has been introduced (“when they hear the old covenant read”) to make the link with the “Israelites” (v. 13) whose minds were closed (v. 14a) more obvious to the reader.
  22. 2 Corinthians 3:14 tn Or “only in Christ is it eliminated.”
  23. 2 Corinthians 3:15 tn Grk “their heart.”
  24. 2 Corinthians 3:16 tn Or perhaps “when(ever) he turns,” referring to Moses.
  25. 2 Corinthians 3:16 sn An allusion to Exod 34:34. The entire verse may refer to Moses, viewing him as a type portraying the Jewish convert to Christianity in Paul’s day.
  26. 2 Corinthians 3:17 tn Grk “where the Spirit of the Lord is”; the word “present” is supplied to specify that the presence of the Lord’s Spirit is emphasized rather than the mere existence of the Lord’s Spirit.
  27. 2 Corinthians 3:18 tn Or “we all with unveiled faces beholding the glory of the Lord as in a mirror.”
  28. 2 Corinthians 3:18 tn Grk “from glory to glory.”
  29. 2 Corinthians 3:18 tn Grk “just as from.”
  30. 2 Corinthians 3:18 tn Grk “from the Lord, the Spirit”; the genitive πνεύματος (pneumatos) has been translated as a genitive of apposition.
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2 Corinthians 2
2 Corinthians 4
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Revelation 21:22-22:6
New English Translation

22 Now[a] I saw no temple in the city, because the Lord God—the All-Powerful[b]—and the Lamb are its temple. 23 The city does not need the sun or the moon to shine on it, because the glory of God lights it up, and its lamp is the Lamb. 24 The nations[c] will walk by its light and the kings of the earth will bring their grandeur[d] into it. 25 Its gates will never be closed during the day[e] (and[f] there will be no night there).[g] 26 They will bring the grandeur and the wealth[h] of the nations[i] into it, 27 but[j] nothing ritually unclean[k] will ever enter into it, nor anyone who does what is detestable[l] or practices falsehood,[m] but only those whose names[n] are written in the Lamb’s book of life.

22 Then[o] the angel[p] showed me the river of the water of life—water as clear as crystal—pouring out[q] from the throne of God and of the Lamb, 2 flowing down the middle of the city’s[r] main street.[s] On each side[t] of the river is the tree of life producing twelve kinds[u] of fruit, yielding its fruit every month of the year.[v] Its leaves are for the healing of the nations. 3 And there will no longer be any curse,[w] and the throne of God and the Lamb will be in the city.[x] His[y] servants[z] will worship[aa] him, 4 and they will see his face, and his name will be on their foreheads. 5 Night will be no more, and they will not need the light of a lamp or the light of the sun, because the Lord God will shine on them, and they will reign forever and ever.

A Final Reminder

6 Then[ab] the angel[ac] said to me, “These words are reliable[ad] and true. The Lord, the God of the spirits of the prophets, has sent his angel to show his servants[ae] what must happen soon.”

Footnotes

  1. Revelation 21:22 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the transition to a new topic. Every verse from here to the end of this chapter begins with καί in Greek, but due to differences between Greek and contemporary English style, these have not been translated.
  2. Revelation 21:22 tn On this word BDAG 755 s.v. παντοκράτωρ states, “the Almighty, All-Powerful, Omnipotent (One) only of God…(ὁ) κύριος ὁ θεὸς ὁ π.…Rv 1:8; 4:8; 11:17; 15:3; 16:7; 21:22.”
  3. Revelation 21:24 tn Or “the Gentiles” (the same Greek word may be translated “Gentiles” or “nations”).
  4. Revelation 21:24 tn Or “splendor”; Grk “glory.”
  5. Revelation 21:25 tn On the translation “during the day” see BDAG 436 s.v. ἡμέρα 1.a, “But also, as in Thu. et al., of time within which someth. occurs, ἡμέρας during the day Rv 21:25.”
  6. Revelation 21:25 tn The Greek connective γάρ (gar) most often expresses some sort of causal connection. However, in this context there is no causal force to the second phrase; γάρ simply expresses continuation or connection. Because of this it has been translated as “and.” See BDAG 189-90 s.v. 2.
  7. Revelation 21:25 tn The clause has virtually the force of a parenthetical comment.
  8. Revelation 21:26 tn Grk “honor,” but BDAG 1005 s.v. τιμή 2.b states, “An outstanding feature of the use of τ., as already shown in several passages, is its combination w. δόξα…of earthly possessions τὴν δόξαν καὶ τὴν τιμὴν τῶν ἐθνῶν Rv 21:26 (τιμή concr.=an object of value: Ezk 22:25).”
  9. Revelation 21:26 tn Or “the Gentiles” (the same Greek word may be translated “Gentiles” or “nations”).
  10. Revelation 21:27 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “but” to indicate the contrast present in this context.
  11. Revelation 21:27 tn Here BDAG 552 s.v. κοινός 2 states, “pert. to being of little value because of being common, common, ordinary, profane…b. specifically, of that which is ceremonially impure: Rv 21:27.”
  12. Revelation 21:27 tn Or “what is abhorrent”; Grk “who practices abominations.”
  13. Revelation 21:27 tn Grk “practicing abomination or falsehood.” Because of the way βδέλυγμα (bdelugma) has been translated (“does what is detestable”) it was necessary to repeat the idea from the participle ποιῶν (poiōn, “practices”) before the term “falsehood.” On this term, BDAG 1097 s.v. ψεῦδος states, “ποιεῖν ψεῦδος practice (the things that go with) falsehood Rv 21:27; 22:15.” Cf. Rev 3:9.
  14. Revelation 21:27 tn Grk “those who are written”; the word “names” is implied.
  15. Revelation 22:1 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.
  16. Revelation 22:1 tn Grk “he”; the referent (the angel mentioned in 21:9, 15) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  17. Revelation 22:1 tn Grk “proceeding.” Water is more naturally thought to pour out or flow out in English idiom.
  18. Revelation 22:2 tn Grk “its”; the referent (the city, the new Jerusalem) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  19. Revelation 22:2 tn The Greek word πλατεῖα (plateia) refers to a major (broad) street (L&N 1.103).
  20. Revelation 22:2 tn Grk “From here and from there.”
  21. Revelation 22:2 tn Or “twelve crops” (one for each month of the year).
  22. Revelation 22:2 tn The words “of the year” are implied.
  23. Revelation 22:3 tn Or “be anything accursed” (L&N 33.474).
  24. Revelation 22:3 tn Grk “in it”; the referent (the city, the new Jerusalem) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  25. Revelation 22:3 tn Grk “city, and his.” Although this is a continuation of the previous sentence in Greek, a new sentence was started here in the translation because of the introduction of the Lamb’s followers.
  26. Revelation 22:3 tn See the note on the word “servants” in 1:1.
  27. Revelation 22:3 tn Or “will serve.”
  28. Revelation 22:6 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.
  29. Revelation 22:6 tn Grk “he”; the referent (the angel mentioned in 21:9, 15; 22:1) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  30. Revelation 22:6 tn Grk “faithful.”
  31. Revelation 22:6 tn See the note on the word “servants” in 1:1.
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Revelation 20
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